week11 (8)

 上課筆記

Setting(time, place)
Plot
Character(hero, heroine)

share a flat with other people ---> apartment

good gracious

tavern (not pub)

what a nuisance

artistic
literary
intellectual


Etymology:

ex-: out 
exceed, expel, except

pro-: forward
process, promote, progress, project

sus-: under
sustain, suspicious, suspect, suspend

trans-: across, through
transportation, transparent, transfer, transplant

con-: together
consumption, continue, conflict, contact

pre-: before
prevent, pretext, predict, prefer



vocabulary
1.displace |disˈplās|
verb [ with obj. ]
meaning: take over the place, position, or role of (someone or something)
origin: mid 16th cent.: from Old French desplacer .
example: in the northern states of India, Hindi has largely displaced English.

2.domestic |dəˈmestik|
adjective
meaning: of or relating to the running of a home or to family relations 
origin: late Middle English: from French domestique, from Latin domesticus, from domus ‘house.’
example: domestic violence.

3.layout |ˈlāˌout|
noun
meaning: the way in which the parts of something are arranged or laid out
example: changing the layout of the ground floor.

4.maintenance |ˈmānt(ə)nəns|
noun
meaning: the process of maintaining or preserving someone or something, or the state of being maintained
origin: Middle English (in the sense ‘aiding a party in a legal action without lawful cause’): from Old French, from maintenir 
example: crucial conditions for the maintenance of democratic government.

5.partition |pärˈtiSHən |
noun
meaning: (especially with reference to a country with separate areas of government) the action or state of dividing or being divided into parts
origin: late Middle English: from Latin partitio(n-), from partiri ‘divide into parts.’
example: the country's partition into separate states.

6.optimum |ˈäptəməm|
adjective
meaning: most conducive to a favorable outcome; best
origin: late 19th cent.: from Latin, neuter (used as a noun) of optimus ‘best.’
example: the optimum childbearing age.

7.practical |ˈpraktikəl|
adjective
meaning: of or concerned with the actual doing or use of something rather than with theory and ideas
origin: late 16th cent.: from archaic practic‘practical’ (from Old Frenchpractique, via late Latin from Greek praktikos ‘concerned with action,’ from prattein ‘do, act’) + -al
example: there are two obvious practical applications of the research.

8.prior |ˈprīər|
adjective [ attrib. ]
meaning: existing or coming before in time, order, or importance
origin: late Old English, from a medieval Latin noun use of Latin prior ‘elder, former’
example: he has a prior engagement this evening.

9.storage |ˈstôrij|
noun
meaning: the action or method of storing something for future use
example: the chair can be folded flat for easy storage

10.float |flōt|
verb [ no obj. ]
meaning: rest or move on or near the surface of a liquid without sinking
origin: Old English flotian(verb), of Germanic origin and related to fleet, reinforced in Middle English by Old French floter, also from Germanic.
example: she relaxed, floating gently in the water.

11.impose |imˈpōz|
verb
meaning:  [ with obj. ] force (something unwelcome or unfamiliar) to be accepted or put in place
origin: late 15th cent. (in the sense ‘impute’): from French imposer, from Latinimponere ‘inflict, deceive’ (from in- ‘in, upon’ + ponere ‘put’), but influenced by impositus ‘inflicted’ and Old French poser ‘to place.’
example: the decision was theirs and was not imposed on them by others.

12.mount |mount|
verb [ with obj. ]
meaning: climb up (stairs, a hill, or other rising surface)
origin: Old English munt, from Latin mons, mont- ‘mountain,’ reinforced in Middle English by Old French mont .
example: he mounted the steps to the front door.

13.ongoing |ˈänˌgōiNG |
adjective
meaning: continuing; still in progress
example: ongoing negotiations.

14.radiant |ˈrādēənt|
adjective
meaning: sending out light; shining or glowing brightly
origin: late Middle English: from Latin radiant- ‘emitting rays,’ from the verb radiare 
example:  a bird with radiant green and red plumage.

15.replicate |ˈrepliˌkāt| 
verb
meaning: make an exact copy of; reproduce
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘repeat’): from Latin replicat-, from the verb replicare, from re- ‘back, again’ + plicare ‘to fold.’ The current senses date from the late 19th cent.
example: it might be impractical to replicate eastern culture in the west.

16.shift |SHift|
verb
meaning: move or cause to move from one place to another, especially over a small distance
origin:  Old English sciftan‘arrange, divide, apportion,’ of Germanic origin; related to German schichten ‘to layer, stratify.’ A common Middle English sense ‘change, replace’ gave rise to the noun
example: I shift the weight back to the other leg

17.shortage |ˈSHôrtij|
noun
meaning: a state or situation in which something needed cannot be obtained in sufficient amounts
example: a shortage of hard cash

18.suspend |səˈspend|
verb [ with obj. ]
meaning: temporarily prevent from continuing or being in force or effect
origin: Middle English: from Old French suspendre or Latin suspendere, from sub- ‘from below’ + pendere ‘hang.’
example: work on the dam was suspended.

19.tear |te(ə)r|
verb
meaning: pull or rip (something) apart or to pieces with force
origin: Old English teran, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch teren and Germanzehren, from an Indo-European root shared by Greek derein ‘flay.’ The noun dates from the early 17th cent.
example:  I tore up the letter.

    20.transformation |ˌtransfərˈmāSHən|
    noun

    meaning: a thorough or dramatic change in form or appearance

origin: late Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin transformatio(n-), from the verb transformare
example: its landscape has undergone a radical transformation.

21.remote |riˈmōt|
adjective
meaning: (of a place) situated far from the main centers of population; distant
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘far apart’): from Latin remotus ‘removed,’ past participle of removere
example: a remote Oregon valley

22.manipulate |məˈnipyəˌlāt|
verb [ with obj. ]
meaning: handle or control (a tool, mechanism, etc.), typically in a skillful manner
origin: early 19th cent.: back-formation from earlier manipulation, from Latin manipulus ‘handful.’
example: he manipulated the dials of the set.

23.replica |ˈreplikə|
noun
meaning: an exact copy or model of something, especially one on a smaller scale
origin: mid 18th cent. (as a musical term in the sense ‘a repeat’): from Italian, from replicare ‘to reply.’
example: a replica of the Empire State Building.

24.reflective |riˈflektiv| 
adjective
meaning: providing a reflection; capable of reflecting light or other radiation
example: reflective glass

25.incredulous |inˈkrejələs|
adjective
meaning: (of a person or their manner) unwilling or unable to believe something
origin: late 16th cent.: from Latin incredulus (from in- ‘not’ + credulus ‘believing, trusting,’ from credere ‘believe’) + -ous
example: an incredulous gasp.