week16 (13)

上課筆記
predator <---> prey
accord <---> discord

dehumidifier

Pantheon: all the gods of a people or religion collectively
atheist: a person who disbelieves or lacks belief in the existence of God or gods

removal: the action of taking away or abolishing something unwanted

Etymology:
-ent: person
resident, opponent, correspondent, innocent

-age: operation, combination, fee
postage, storage, wastage, foliage

-able: capable of
durable, available, comparable, accountable

dis-: down from, away from, from, off, negative, not, opposite, free of
disable, disease, discredit

trans-: across, beyond, on the other side
transmit, transport, transplant, transit

-ion: result, state of
stimulation, tension, decision, version

con-:together, with
conventional, conceal, concurrent, concede

in-: into near, towards
interior, inspect, insert, install

re-: back, again
refugee, repeat, reverse, review

vocabulary
1.transmit |tranzˈmit |
verb
meaning: cause (something) to pass on from one place or person to another
origin: late Middle English: from Latin transmittere, from trans- ‘across’ + mittere ‘send.’
example: knowledge is transmitted from teacher to student.

2.version |ˈvərZHən|  
noun
meaning: a particular form of something differing in certain respects from an earlier form or other forms of the same type of thing
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘translation’): from French, or from medieval Latin versio(n-), from Latin vertere ‘to turn.’
example: a revised version of the paper was produced for a later meeting  

3.relief |riˈlēf|
noun
meaning: a feeling of reassurance and relaxation following release from anxiety or distress 
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, from relever ‘raise up, relieve,’from Latin relevare ‘raise again, alleviate.’
example: much to her relief, she saw the door open.

4.nomad |ˈnōˌmad|
noun
meaning: a member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from place to place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.
origin: late 16th cent.: from French nomade, via Latin from Greek nomas,nomad- ‘roaming in search of pasture,’ from the base of nemein ‘to pasture.’

5.parasite |ˈparəˌsīt|
noun
meaning: an organism that lives in or on another organism (its host) and benefits by deriving nutrients at the host's expense.
origin: mid 16th cent.: via Latin from Greek parasitos ‘(person) eating at another's table,’ from para- ‘alongside’ + sitos ‘food.’ 
6.fiction |ˈfikSHən|
noun
meaning: invention or fabrication as opposed to fact
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘invented statement’): via Old Frenchfrom Latin fictio(n-), from fingere ‘form, contrive.’ 
example: he dismissed the allegation as absolute fiction.

7.figurative |ˈfigyərətiv|
adjective
meaning: departing from a literal use of words; metaphorical 
origin: Middle English: from late Latin figurativus, from figurare ‘to form or fashion,’ from figura
example: gold, in the figurative language of the people, was “the tears wept by the sun.” 

8.literal|ˈlitərəl|
adjective
meaning: taking words in their usual or most basic sense without metaphor or allegory
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin litteralis, from Latin littera
example: dreadful in its literal sense, full of dread. 

9.galactic |gəˈlaktik|
adjective
meaning: of or relating to a galaxy or galaxies, especially the Milky Way galaxy.
origin: mid 19th cent.: from Greek galaktias (variant of galaxias ‘galaxy’) + -ic

10.decriminalize |dēˈkriminlˌīz|
verb
meaning: cease by legislation to treat (something) as illegal
example: a battle to decriminalize drugs.

11.deplane |dēˈplān|
verb
meaning: disembark from an aircraft 
example: we landed and deplaned. 

12.exhort |igˈzôrt|
verb
meaning: strongly encourage or urge (someone) to do something
origin: late Middle English: from Old French exhorter or Latin exhortari, from ex- ‘thoroughly’ + hortari ‘encourage.’
example: the media have been exhorting people to turn out for the demonstration  

13.remodel |rēˈmädl| 
verb
meaning: change the structure or form of (something, especially a building, policy, or procedure)
example: the station was remodeled and enlarged in 1927.

14.spacious |ˈspāSHəs|
adjective
meaning: (especially of a room or building) having ample space.
example: late Middle English: from Old French spacios or Latin spatiosus, from spatium

15.terrestrial |təˈrestrēəl |
adjective
meaning: of, on, or relating to the earth
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘temporal, worldly, mundane’): from Latin terrestris (from terra ‘earth’) + -al
example: increased ultraviolet radiation may disrupt terrestrial ecosystems.

16.lingual |ˈliNGgwəl|
adjective
meaning: relating to, near, or on the side toward the tongue. 
origin: mid 17th cent.: from medieval Latin lingualis, from Latin lingua ‘tongue, language.’
example: his demonstrations of lingual dexterity.

17.audible |ˈôdəbəl|
adjective
meaning: able to be heard
origin: late 15th cent.: from late Latin audibilis, from audire ‘hear.’
example: ultrasound is audible to dogs.

18.cylinder |ˈsiləndər|
noun
meaning: a solid geometric figure with straight parallel sides and a circular or oval section.
origin: late 16th cent.: from Latin cylindrus, from Greek kulindros ‘roller,’from kulindein ‘to roll.’

19.foliage |ˈfōl(ē)ij|
noun
meaning: plant leaves, collectively
origin: late Middle English foilage(in the sense ‘design resembling leaves’): from Old French feuillage, from feuille ‘leaf,’ from Latin folium. The change in the first syllable was due to association with Latin folium .
example: healthy green foliage.

    20.lethal |ˈlēTHəl|
    adjective

    meaning: sufficient to cause death

origin: late 16th cent. (in the sense ‘causing spiritual death’): from Latinlethalis, from lethum, a variant (influenced by Greek lēthē ‘forgetfulness’) of letum ‘death.’ 
example: a lethal cocktail of alcohol and pills.

21.nostrils |ˈnästrəl|
noun 
meaning: either of two external openings of the nasal cavity in vertebrates that admit air to the lungs and smells to the olfactory nerves.
origin: Old English nosterl, nosthyrl, from nosu‘nose’ + thȳr(e)l‘hole.’

22.orbit |ˈôrbit|
verb
meaning: fly or move around in a circle
origin: from Latin orbita ‘course, track’ (in medieval Latin‘eye socket’), feminine of orbitus ‘circular,’ from orbis ‘ring.’
example: the mobile's disks spun and orbited slowly. 

23.outlast |ˌoutˈlast|
verb
meaning: live or last longer than
example: the kind of beauty that will outlast youth. 

24.partition |pärˈtiSHən|
noun
meaning: (especially with reference to a country with separate areas of government) the action or state of dividing or being divided into parts
origin: late Middle English: from Latin partitio(n-), from partiri ‘divide into parts.’
example: the country's partition into separate states.

25.pedestrian |pəˈdestrēən|
noun
meaning: a person walking along a road or in a developed area.

origin: early 18th cent.: from French pédestre or Latin pedester ‘going on foot,’also ‘written in prose’ + -ian

week15 (12)

主修大班課請假

vocabulary
1.quotient |ˈkwōSHənt|
noun
meaning: a result obtained by dividing one quantity by another.
example: late Middle English: from Latin quotiens ‘how many times’ (from quot ‘how many’), by confusion with participial forms ending in -ens, -ent- .

2.belief |biˈlēf|
noun
meaning: an acceptance that a statement is true or that something exists 
origin: Middle English: alteration of Old English gelēafa; compare with believe.
example: his belief in the value of hard work  

3.circular |ˈsərkyələr| 
adjective
meaning: having the form of a circle 
origin: late Middle English: from Old French circulier, from late Latin circularis, from Latin circulus ‘small ring’
example: the building features a circular atrium.

4.multitasking |ˌməltiˈtaskiNG|
noun
meaning: the simultaneous execution of more than one program or task by a single computer processor 

5.dictation |dikˈtāSHən|
noun
meaning: the action of saying words aloud to be typed, written down, or recorded on tape
origin: from late Latin dictatio(n-), from the verb dictare
example: the dictation of letters.

6.session |ˈseSHən|
noun
meaning: a period during which meetings conducted by judicial bodies are regularly held 
origin: late Middle English: from Old French, or from Latin sessio(n-), from sess- ‘seated’
example: legislation to curb wildcat strikes will be introduced during the coming parliamentary session.

7.accordingly |əˈkôrdiNGlē|
adverb
meaning: in a way that is appropriate to the particular circumstances 
example: we have to discover what his plans are and act accordingly.

8.conventional |kənˈvenCHənl|
adjective
meaning: based on or in accordance with what is generally done or believed 
origin: late 15th cent. (in the sense ‘relating to a formal agreement or convention’): from French conventionnel or late Latin conventionalis, from Latinconventio(n-) ‘meeting, covenant,’ from the verb convenire
example: a conventional morality had dictated behavior.

9.durable |ˈd(y)o͝orəbəl|
adjective
meaning: able to withstand wear, pressure, or damage; hard-wearing
origin: Middle English (in the sense ‘steadfast’): via Old French from Latin durabilis, from durare ‘to last’
example: porcelain enamel is strong and durable 

10.enterprising |ˈentərˌprīziNG|
adjective
meaning: having or showing initiative and resourcefulness
example: some enterprising teachers have started their own recycling programs.

11.debt |det|
noun
meaning: something, typically money, that is owed or due
origin: Middle English dette: from Old French, based on Latin debitum ‘something owed,’ past participle of debere ‘owe.’ The spelling change in Frenchand English was by association with the Latin word.
example: I paid off my debts 

12.nutritious |n(y)o͞oˈtriSHəs|
adjective
meaning: nourishing; efficient as food
origin: mid 17th cent.: from Latin nutritius ‘that nourishes’ (from nutrex ‘a nurse’) + -ous
example: like all spinach, it is very nutritious and best when young.

13.plug in |ˈpləɡ ˌɪn|
adjective
meaning: able to be connected by means of a plug
example: a plug-in telephone.

14.sole |sōl|
noun
meaning: the undersurface of a person's foot
origin: Middle English: from Old French, from Latin solea ‘sandal, sill,’ from solum ‘bottom, pavement, sole’; compare with Dutch zool and German Sohle .
example: the soles of their feet were nearly black with dirt.

15.strike |strīk| 
verb
meaning: hit forcibly and deliberately with one's hand or a weapon or other implement
origin: Old English strīcan‘go, flow’ and ‘rub lightly’; related to Germanstreichen ‘to stroke,
example: he raised his hand, as if to strike me 

16.executive |igˈzekyətiv |
adjective
meaning: having the power to put plans, actions, or laws into effect
origin: late Middle English (as an adjective): from medieval Latin executivus, from exsequi ‘carry out’
example: an executive chairman 

17.authority |əˈTHôritē |
noun
meaning: the power or right to give orders, make decisions, and enforce obedience 
origin: Middle English: from Old French autorite, from Latin auctoritas, from auctor ‘originator, promoter’
example: he had absolute authority over his subordinates

18.charitable |ˈCHaritəbəl|
adjective
meaning: of or relating to the assistance of those in need
origin: Middle English (in the sense ‘showing Christian love to God and man’): from Old French, from charite
example: charitable works such as care of the sick.

19.coup |ko͞o|
noun
meaning: (also coup d'état)a sudden, violent, and illegal seizure of power from a government 
origin: late 18th cent.: from French, from medieval Latin colpus ‘blow’
example: he was overthrown in an army coup. 

    20.disclose |disˈklōz|
    verb

    meaning: make (secret or new information) known

origin: late Middle English: from Old French desclos-, stem of desclore, based on Latin claudere ‘to close.’
example: they disclosed her name to the press 

21.filter |ˈfiltər|
noun
meaning: a porous device for removing impurities or solid particles from a liquid or gas passed through it
origin: late Middle English (denoting a piece of felt): from French filtre, from medieval Latin filtrum ‘felt used as a filter,’ 
example: an oil filter.

22.insecticide |inˈsektiˌsīd|
noun
meaning: a substance used for killing insects.

23.refugee |ˌrefyo͝oˈjē|
noun
meaning: a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war, persecution, or natural disaster
origin: late 17th cent.: from French réfugié ‘gone in search of refuge,’ past participle of (se) réfugier, from refuge 
example: tens of thousands of refugees fled their homes

24.soak |sōk|
verb
meaning: make or allow (something) to become thoroughly wet by immersing it in liquid
origin: Old English socian ‘become saturated with a liquid by immersion’; related to sūcan ‘to suck.’
example: soak the beans overnight in water. 

25.supply |səˈplī|
verb
meaning: make (something needed or wanted) available to someone; provide
origin: late Middle English: from Old French soupleer, from Latin supplere ‘fill up,’ from sub- ‘from below’ + plere ‘fill.’ The early sense of the noun was ‘assistance, relief’ (chiefly a Scots use).
example: the farm supplies apples to cider makers.