12/12

上課內容：

herbivorous <--> cannibal
detach <--> close

Anna Karenina: Happy families are all alike; every unhappy family is unhappy in its own way.

exposition --> climax --> resolution

stanza

Etymology:

in-: in, into
insult, invest, insert, inhabit

op-: against, toward
opponent, oppression, opposition, opportunity

sol-: alone, only
solitaire, solo, solipsism, soliloquy

a-: to, toward
ahead, approve, affect, appreciate

-ship: state, position
companionship, leadership, membership, ownership


vocabulary
12/12
1.overflow |ˌōvərˈflō| 
verb
meaning:(esp. of a liquid) flow over the brim of a receptacle
origin: Old English oferflōwan
example: chemicals overflowed from a storage tank 

2.provision|prəˈviZHən|
noun
meaning: the action of providing or supplying something for use
origin: late Middle English (also in the sense ‘foresight’): via Old French from Latin provisio(n-), from providere ‘foresee, attend to’ 
example: new contracts for the provision of services.

3.qualify|ˈkwäləˌfī|
verb
meaning: [ no obj. ] be entitled to a particular benefit or privilege by fulfilling a necessary condition
derivatives:
qualifiable adjective
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘describe in a particular way’): from French qualifier, from medieval Latin qualificare, from Latin qualis‘of what kind, of such a kind’ 
example: they do not qualify for compensation payments.

4.reunite|ˌrēyo͝oˈnīt|
verb
meaning: come together or cause to come together again after a period of separation or disunity
example:Stephanie was reunited with her parents.

5.rigid |ˈrijid|
adjective
meaning: unable to bend or be forced out of shape; not flexible
derivatives:
rigidify |rəˈjidəˌfī| verb
rigidity |rəˈjidətē| noun
rigidly adverb.
rigidness noun
origin: late Middle English: from Latin rigidus, from rigere ‘be stiff.’
example: a seat of rigid orange plastic 

12/15
1.segment |ˈsegmənt|
verb
meaning: divide (something) into separate parts or sections
derivatives:
segmentary |-ˌterē| adjectivesegmentation |ˌsegmənˈtāSHən| noun
origin: late 16th cent. (as a term in geometry): from Latin segmentum, from secare ‘to cut.’ The verb dates from the mid 19th cent.
example: the unemployed are segmented into two groups.

2.trail|trāl|
noun
meaning: a mark or a series of signs or objects left behind by the passage of someone or something
origin: Middle English (as a verb): from Old French traillier ‘to tow,’ orMiddle Low German treilen ‘haul (a boat),’ based on Latin tragula‘dragnet,’ from trahere ‘to pull.’ 
example: a trail of blood on the grass.

3.unison|ˈyo͞onəsən|
noun
meaning: coincidence in pitch of sounds or notes
derivatives:
unisonous |yo͞oˈnisənəs| adjective
origin: from Old French, or from late Latin unisonus, from Latin uni- ‘one’ + sonus ‘sound.’
example: the flutes play in unison with the violas.

4.entourage |ˌänto͞oˈräZH|
noun
meaning: a group of people attending or surrounding an important person
origin: mid 19th cent.: French, from entourer ‘to surround.’
example: an entourage of bodyguards.

5.mural|ˈmyo͝orəl|
adjective
meaning:of, like, or relating to a wall
origin: late Middle English: from French, from Latin muralis, from murus‘wall.’ 
example: a mural escarpment.

12/16
1.unwieldy|ˌənˈwēldē|
adjective
meaning: difficult to carry or move because of its size, shape, or weight
derivatives:
unwieldily adverb
unwieldiness noun
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘lacking strength, infirm’): from un-not’ + wieldy
example: the first mechanical clocks were large and unwieldy.

2.awareness|əˈwe(ə)rnis|
noun
meaning: knowledge or perception of a situation or fact
example: we need to raise public awareness of the issue. 

3.disregard |ˌdisriˈgärd|
verb [ with obj. ]
meaning: pay no attention to; ignore
example: the body of evidence is too substantial to disregard.

4.bribe |brīb|
verb [ with obj. ]
meaning: persuade (someone) to act in one's favor, typically illegally or dishonestly, by a gift of money or other inducement
derivatives:
bribable adjectivebriber noun
origin: late Middle English: from Old French briber, brimber ‘beg,’ ofunknown origin. The original sense was ‘rob, extort,’ hence (as noun) ‘theft, stolen goods,’ also ‘money extorted or demanded for favors,’ later ‘offer money as an inducement’ (early 16th cent).
example: an undercover agent bribed the judge into giving a lenient sentence

5.essential |iˈsenCHəl|
adjective
meaning: absolutely necessary; extremely important: [ with infinitive ]
derivatives:
essentiality |iˌsenCHēˈalitē| nounessentialness noun
origin: Middle English (in the sense ‘in the highest degree’): from late Latin essentialis, from Latin essentia .
example: fiber is an essential ingredient.

12/17
1.expertise|ˌekspərˈtēz|
noun
meaning: expert skill or knowledge in a particular field
origin: mid 19th cent.: from French, from expert 
example: technical expertise.

2.turnover |ˈtərnˌōvər|
noun
meaning: the amount of money taken by a business in a particular period
example: a turnover approaching $4 million.

3.unstable |ˌənˈstābəl|
adjective
meaning: prone to change, fail, or give way; not stable
derivatives:
unstableness noununstably |-blē| adverb
example: an unstable government.

4.willingness |ˈwiliNGnis|
noun
meaning: the quality or state of being prepared to do something; readiness
example: the ability and willingness of workers to migrate.

5.mindset
noun
meaning:the established set of attitudes held by someone
example:the region seems stuck in a medieval mindset.

12/18
1.astonishing |əˈstäniSHiNG|
adjective
meaning: extremely surprising or impressive; amazing
derivatives:
astonishingly adverb
origin: early 16th cent. (as astonished, in the sense ‘stunned, bewildered,dismayed’): from obsolete astone‘stun, stupefy,’ from Old French estoner, based on Latin ex- ‘out’ + tonare ‘to thunder.’
example: an astonishing achievement

2.classification|ˌklasəfəˈkāSHən|
noun
meaning: the action or process of classifying something according to shared qualities or characteristics
example: the classification of disease according to symptoms.

3.concept |ˈkänˌsept|
noun
meaning: an abstract idea; a general notion 
origin: mid 16th cent. (in the sense ‘thought, frame of mind,imagination’): from Latin conceptum ‘something conceived,’ fromconcept- ‘conceived,’ from concipere
example: structuralism is a difficult concept. 

4.dizzy|ˈdizē|
adjective
meaning: having or involving a sensation of spinning around and losing one's balance
derivatives:
dizzily |ˈdizəlē| adverb
dizziness noun
origin:  Old English dysig‘foolish’; related to Low German dusig, dösig‘giddy’ and Old High German tusic ‘foolish, weak.’
example: he looked around, dizzy with happiness.

5.interactive |ˌintərˈaktiv|
adjective
meaning: (of two people or things) influencing or having an effect on each other
derivatives:
interactively adverbinteractivity |-akˈtivitē| noun
origin: mid 19th cent.: from interact, on the pattern of active.
example: fully sighted children in interactive play with others with defective vision.