10/17

10/17上課筆記


Main idea: summary in our own words (under 1/5 of speech)-->how they are connecting to each other in responding the title itself.

Utopia<-->Dystopia

Etymology:
de-: from, down, away reverse, opposite
decode, decrease, deflate

benefit-: good, well, gentle
beneficial, benevolent, benediction

con-: together
concentration, confirm, conversation, concede

re-: back, again
respect, review, reunion, reform

vocabulary
10/17
1.stride |strīd|
verb
meaning:walk with long, decisive steps in a specified direction
derivatives:
strider noun
origin: Old English stride(noun) ‘single long step,’ strīdan(verb) ‘stand or walk with the legs wide apart,’ probably from a Germanic base meaning ‘strive, quarrel’; related to Dutch strijden ‘fight’ and German straiten ‘quarrel.’
example: he strode across the road

2.glycogen |ˈglīkəjən|
noun
meaning:a substance deposited in bodily tissues as a store of carbohydrates
derivatives:
glycogenic |ˌglīkəˈjenik| adjective









3.spurt |spərt|
verb
meaning: gush out in a sudden and forceful stream
origin:  mid 16th cent.: of unknown origin.
example: he cut his finger, and blood spurted over the sliced potatoes.

4.sprint |sprint|
verb
meaning:run at full speed over a short distance
derivatives:
sprinter noun
origin: late 18th cent. (as a dialect term meaning ‘a bound or spring’): related to Swedish spritta .
example:I saw Charlie sprinting through the traffic toward me.

5.canoe|kəˈno͞o|
verb
meaning:travel in or paddle a canoe
derivatives:
canoeist |-ˈno͞oist| noun
origin:mid 16th cent.: from Spanish canoa, from Arawak, from Carib canaoua . 
example: he had once canoed down the Nile.

10/20
1.propel |prəˈpel|
verb
meaning:drive, push, or cause to move in a particular direction, typically forward
origin: late Middle English (in the sense ‘expel, drive out’): from Latinpropellere, from pro- ‘forward’ + pellere ‘to drive.’
example:the boat is propelled by using a very long paddle

2.compel |kəmˈpel|  (compels, compelling, compelled) 
verb
meaning:force or oblige (someone) to do something
origin:  late Middle English: from Latin compellere, from com- ‘together’+ pellere ‘drive.’
example: a sense of duty compelled Harry to answer her questions.

3.appeal|əˈpēl|
verb
meaning: make a serious or urgent request, typically to the public
origin:  Middle English (in legal contexts): from Old French apel (noun),apeler (verb), from Latin appellare ‘to address,’ based on ad- ‘to’ +pellere ‘to drive.’
example:police are appealing for information about the incident

4.vertical |ˈvərtikəl|
adjective
meaning: at right angles to a horizontal plane; in a direction, or having an alignment,such that the top is directly above the bottom
derivatives:
verticality |ˌvərtiˈkalətē| noun.
verticalize |-ˌlīz| verb.
vertically |-ik(ə)lē| adverb
origin: mid 16th cent. (in the sense ‘directly overhead’): from French, or from late Latin verticalis, from vertex

   example: keep your back vertical.

5.reference|ˈref(ə)rəns|
noun
meaning:the action of mentioning or alluding to something
example: he made reference to the enormous power of the mass media 

10/21
1.merge |mərj|
verb
meaning:combine or cause to combine to form a single entity
origin: mid 17th cent. (in the sense ‘immerse (oneself)’): from Latinmergere ‘to dip, plunge.’ The use in legal contexts is from Anglo-Norman French merger .
example: the utility companies are cutting costs and merging with other companies 

2.property |ˈpräpərtē|
noun
meaning:a thing or things belonging to someone; possessions collectively
origin:  Middle English: from an Anglo-Norman French variant of Old French propriete, from Latin proprietas, from proprius ‘one's own, particular’ 
example: she wantedOliver and his property out of her house 

3.range |rānj|

    verb

meaning:(of a person or animal) travel or wander over a wide area
origin:  Middle English (in the sense ‘line of people or animals’): from Old French range ‘row, rank,’ from rangier ‘put in order,’ from rang ‘rank.’Early usage also included the notion of ‘movement over an area.’
example: patrols ranged thousands of miles deep into enemy territory.

4.flow|flō|
verb
meaning: (of a fluid, gas, or electricity) move along or out steadily and continuously in a current or stream
origin:  Old English flōwan, of Germanic origin; related to Dutch vloeien, also to flood.
example:from here the river flows north

5.virtual |ˈvərCHo͞oəl|
adjective
meaning:almost or nearly as described, but not completely or according to strict definition
derivatives:
virtuality |ˌvərCHo͞oˈalitē| noun
origin:  late Middle English (also in the sense ‘possessing certain virtues’):from medieval Latin virtualis, from Latin virtus ‘virtue,’ suggested by late Latin virtuosus .
example:the virtual absence of border controls.

10/22
1.receipt |riˈsēt|
noun
meaning: the action of receiving something or the fact of its being received
origin: late Middle English: from Anglo-Norman French receite, frommedieval Latin recepta ‘received,’ feminine past participle of Latinrecipere. The -p-was inserted in imitation of the Latin spelling.
example:I would be grateful if you would acknowledge receipt of this letter

2.ancient |ˈānCHənt|
adjective
meaning:belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence
derivatives:
ancientness noun
origin: late Middle English: from Old French ancien, based on Latin ante‘before.’
example: the ancient civilizations of the Mediterranean.

3.molecule|ˈmäləˌkyo͞ol|
noun
meaning:a group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
origin:late 18th cent.: from French molécule, from modern Latin molecula, diminutive of Latin moles ‘mass.’

4.spot |spät|
noun
meaning: a small round or roundish mark, differing in color or texture from the surface around it
phrases:
hit the spot informal be exactly what is required: the cup of coffee hit the spot.
on the spot 1. without any delay; immediately: he offered me the job on the spot. 
                     2. at the scene of an action or event: journalists on the spot reported no        
                         progress.
put someone on the spot informal force someone into a situation in which they must make a difficult decision or answer a difficult question.
origin:  Middle English: perhaps from Middle Dutch spotte. The sense‘notice, recognize’ arose from the early 19th-cent. slang use ‘note as a suspect or criminal.’
example: ladybugs have black spots on their red wing covers.

5.claustrophobic|ˌklôstrəˈfōbik|
adjective
meaning:(of a person) suffering from claustrophobia
derivatives:
claustrophobically |-ik(ə)lē| adverb
example: crowds made him feel claustrophobic.

10/23
1.withdraw|wiT͟Hˈdrô|
verb (past withdrew; past participle withdrawn)
meaning: remove or take away (something) from a particular place or position
origin:  Middle English: from the prefix with-‘away’ + the verb draw
example: slowly Ruth withdrew her hand from his.

2.existence |igˈzistəns|
noun
meaning:the fact or state of living or having objective reality
origin:  late Middle English: from Old French, or from late Latin existentia,from Latin exsistere ‘come into being,’ from ex- ‘out’ + sistere ‘take a stand.’
example:the plane was the oldest Boeing remaining in existence

3.quarter|ˈkwôrtər|
verb
meaning: divide into four equal or corresponding parts
origin: Middle English: from Old French quartier, from Latin quartarius ‘fourth part of a measure,’ from quartus ‘fourth,’ from quattuor ‘four.’
example: peel and quarter the bananas.

4.gate|gāt|
verb
meaning:confine (a student) to school or college
phrase:
get (or be given) the gate informal be dismissed from a job.
origin:  Old English gæt, geat, plural gatu, of Germanic origin; related to Dutchgat ‘gap, hole, breach.’
example: he was gated for the rest of term.

5.nomad|ˈnōˌmad|
noun
meaning:a member of a people having no permanent abode, and who travel from placeto place to find fresh pasture for their livestock.
derivatives:
nomadic |nōˈmadik| adjective
nomadically |nōˈmadiklē| adverb
nomadism |ˈnōmaˌdizəm| noun
origin:late 16th cent.: from French nomade, via Latin from Greek nomas,nomad- ‘roaming in search of pasture,’ from the base of nemein ‘topasture.’