9/12上課筆記
hypothesis<->hyper
Protestant<->Catholic,Christian
prefix字首
suffix字尾 (一般是文法功能)
root字根
root：
ad-:denoting motion or direction to
advocate (voc-voice),advance
-meter:measure
thermometer,hydrameter
vocabulary
9/12
1.unjust|ˌənˈjəst|
adjective
meaning:not based on or behaving according to what is morally right and fair
derivatives:
unjustly adverb.
unjustness nounmeaning:not based on or behaving according to what is morally right and fair
derivatives:
unjustly adverb.
example: resistance to unjust laws.
2.privy |ˈprivē|
adjective
meaning:sharing in the knowledge of (something secret or private)
derivatives:
privily |ˈprivəlē| adverb
example: he was no longer privy to her innermost thoughts.
meaning:sharing in the knowledge of (something secret or private)
derivatives:
privily |ˈprivəlē| adverb
example: he was no longer privy to her innermost thoughts.
3.levity|ˈlevətē|
noun
meaning:humor or frivolity, esp. the treatment of a serious matter with humor or in amanner lacking due respect
origin: mid 16th cent.: from Latin levitas, from levis ‘light.’
example: as an attempt to introduce a note of levity, the wordswere a disastrous flop.
meaning:humor or frivolity, esp. the treatment of a serious matter with humor or in amanner lacking due respect
origin: mid 16th cent.: from Latin levitas, from levis ‘light.’
example: as an attempt to introduce a note of levity, the wordswere a disastrous flop.
4.hostile |ˈhästl, ˈhäˌstīl|
adjective
meaning:unfriendly; antagonistic
derivatives:
hostilely adverb
origin: late 16th cent.: from French, or from Latin hostilis, from hostis‘stranger, enemy.’
example:people are very hostile to the idea.
5.intimate |ˈintəmit|meaning:unfriendly; antagonistic
derivatives:
hostilely adverb
origin: late 16th cent.: from French, or from Latin hostilis, from hostis‘stranger, enemy.’
example:people are very hostile to the idea.
adjective
meaning: closely acquainted; familiar, close
derivatives:
intimately adverb
origin: early 17th cent. (as a noun): from late Latin intimatus, past participle of Latin intimare ‘impress, make familiar,’ from intimus‘inmost.’
example: they are on intimate terms.
meaning: closely acquainted; familiar, close
derivatives:
intimately adverb
origin: early 17th cent. (as a noun): from late Latin intimatus, past participle of Latin intimare ‘impress, make familiar,’ from intimus‘inmost.’
example: they are on intimate terms.
9/15
1.vulnerable |ˈvʌln(ə)rəb(ə)l|
adjective
meaning:exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally
derivatives:
vulnerability noun (pl.vulnerabilities)
vulnerableness noun
vulnerably adverb
origin:early 17th cent.: from late Latin vulnerabilis, from Latin vulnerare‘to wound’, from vulnus ‘wound’.
example:we were in a vulnerable position
2.reserved |rɪˈzəːvd|
adjective
meaning:slow to reveal emotion or opinions
derivatives:
reservedly |-vɪdli| adverb,
reservedness noun
origin:from Old French reserver, from Latin reservare‘keep back’, from re- ‘back’ + servare ‘to keep’.
example:he is a reserved, almost taciturn man.
3.incline|ɪnˈklʌɪn|
verb
meaning: (usu. be inclined to/towards/to do something) be favourably disposedtowards or willing to do something
derivatives:
inclinable adjective
incliner noun
origin:Middle English (originally in the sense ‘bend (the head or body) towards something’; formerly also as encline): from Old French encliner, fromLatin inclinare, from in- ‘towards’ + clinare ‘to bend’.
example: he was inclined to accept the offer
adjective
meaning:exposed to the possibility of being attacked or harmed, either physically or emotionally
derivatives:
vulnerability noun (pl.vulnerabilities)
vulnerableness noun
vulnerably adverb
origin:early 17th cent.: from late Latin vulnerabilis, from Latin vulnerare‘to wound’, from vulnus ‘wound’.
example:we were in a vulnerable position
2.reserved |rɪˈzəːvd|
adjective
meaning:slow to reveal emotion or opinions
derivatives:
reservedly |-vɪdli| adverb,
reservedness noun
origin:from Old French reserver, from Latin reservare‘keep back’, from re- ‘back’ + servare ‘to keep’.
example:he is a reserved, almost taciturn man.
3.incline|ɪnˈklʌɪn|
verb
meaning: (usu. be inclined to/towards/to do something) be favourably disposedtowards or willing to do something
derivatives:
inclinable adjective
incliner noun
origin:Middle English (originally in the sense ‘bend (the head or body) towards something’; formerly also as encline): from Old French encliner, fromLatin inclinare, from in- ‘towards’ + clinare ‘to bend’.
example: he was inclined to accept the offer
4.skim |skɪm|
verb
meaning:[ no obj., with adverbial of direction ] go or move quickly and lightly over or on a surface or through the air
origin: Middle English (in the sense ‘remove scum from (a liquid)’): back-formation from
skimmer, or from Old French escumer, from escume‘scum, foam’.
example:he let his fingers skim across her shoulders.
5.reprise |rɪˈpriːz|
noun
meaning: a repetition or further performance of something
origin: early 18th cent.: French, literally ‘taken up again,’ feminine past participle of reprendre .
example: a reprise of his earlier performance.
9/16
1.venture|ˈvɛntʃə|
noun
noun
meaning:a risky or daring journey or undertaking
phrase:
at a venture archaic trusting to chance rather than to previous consideration or preparation. a man drew a bow at a venture.
nothing ventured, nothing gained proverb you can't expect to achieve anything if you never take any risks.
origin:late Middle English (in the sense ‘adventure,’ also ‘risk the lossof’): shortening of adventure.
example:these foreigners have put forward a proposal for a joint venture.
origin:late Middle English (in the sense ‘adventure,’ also ‘risk the lossof’): shortening of adventure.
example:these foreigners have put forward a proposal for a joint venture.
2.distraction|disˈtrakSHən|
noun
meaning:a thing that prevents someone from giving full attention to something else
phrase:
to distraction (in hyperbolic use) intensely: she loved him to distraction.
origin: late Middle English: from Latin distractio(n-), from the verb distrahere
example: the company found passenger travel a distraction from the main business of moving freight.
3.revelation |ˌrevəˈlāSHən|
noun
meaning: a surprising and previously unknown fact, esp. one that is made known in a dramatic way
derivatives:
revelational |-SHənl| adjective
origin: Middle English (in the theological sense): from Old French, or fromlate Latin revelatio(n-), from revelare ‘lay bare’ . Sense 1 dates from the mid 19th cent.
noun
meaning: a surprising and previously unknown fact, esp. one that is made known in a dramatic way
derivatives:
revelational |-SHənl| adjective
origin: Middle English (in the theological sense): from Old French, or fromlate Latin revelatio(n-), from revelare ‘lay bare’ . Sense 1 dates from the mid 19th cent.
example: revelations about his personal life.
4.mediocre|ˌmēdēˈōkər|
5.throb |θrɒb|
verb
meaning:feel pain in a series of regular beats
4.mediocre|ˌmēdēˈōkər|
adjective
meaning:of only moderate quality; not very good
derivatives:
mediocrely adverb
origin: late 16th cent.: from French médiocre, from Latin mediocris ‘of middle height or degree,’ literally ‘somewhat rugged or mountainous,’from medius ‘middle’ + ocris ‘rugged mountain.’
example: a mediocre actor.
meaning:of only moderate quality; not very good
derivatives:
mediocrely adverb
origin: late 16th cent.: from French médiocre, from Latin mediocris ‘of middle height or degree,’ literally ‘somewhat rugged or mountainous,’from medius ‘middle’ + ocris ‘rugged mountain.’
example: a mediocre actor.
5.throb |θrɒb|
verb
meaning:feel pain in a series of regular beats
origin: late Middle English: probably imitative.
example: her foot throbbed with pain
9/17
1.slim|slim|
adjective
3.plagiaristic |ˈplājəˌrizəm|
5.fundamental|ˌfəndəˈmentl|
9/17
1.slim|slim|
adjective
meaning:(of something abstract, esp. a chance or margin) very small
derivatives:
slimly adverb
slimness noun
origin: mid 17th cent.: from Low German or Dutch (from a base meaning ‘slanting, cross, bad’), of Germanic origin. The pejorative sense found inDutch and German existed originally in the English noun slim‘lazy or worthless person.
example:there was just a slim chance of success
2.quiver|ˈkwivər|derivatives:
slimly adverb
slimness noun
origin: mid 17th cent.: from Low German or Dutch (from a base meaning ‘slanting, cross, bad’), of Germanic origin. The pejorative sense found inDutch and German existed originally in the English noun slim‘lazy or worthless person.
example:there was just a slim chance of success
verb
meaning:tremble or shake with a slight rapid motion
derivatives:
quiveringly adverb
quivery adjective
origin:Middle English: from Old English cwifer‘nimble, quick’ The initialqu-is probably symbolic of quick movement (as in quaverand quick).
example:the tree's branches stopped quivering.meaning:tremble or shake with a slight rapid motion
derivatives:
quiveringly adverb
quivery adjective
origin:Middle English: from Old English cwifer‘nimble, quick’ The initialqu-is probably symbolic of quick movement (as in quaverand quick).
3.plagiaristic |ˈplājəˌrizəm|
noun
meaning:the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off asone's own.
derivatives:
plagiarist noun
plagiaristic |ˌplājəˈristik| adjective
origin:early 17th cent.: from Latin plagiarius ‘kidnapper’ (from plagium‘a kidnapping,’ from Greek plagion) + ism
4.snobbish|ˈsnäbiSH|meaning:the practice of taking someone else's work or ideas and passing them off asone's own.
derivatives:
plagiarist noun
plagiaristic |ˌplājəˈristik| adjective
origin:early 17th cent.: from Latin plagiarius ‘kidnapper’ (from plagium‘a kidnapping,’ from Greek plagion) + ism
adjective
meaning:of, characteristic of, or like a snob
derivatives:
snobbishly adverb.
snobbishness noun
example: the writer takes a rather snobbish tone.meaning:of, characteristic of, or like a snob
derivatives:
snobbishly adverb.
snobbishness noun
5.fundamental|ˌfəndəˈmentl|
adjective
meaning:forming a necessary base or core; of central importance
derivatives:
fundamentality |ˌfəndəmənˈtalətē| noun
origin:late Middle English: from French fondamental, or late Latinfundamentalis, from Latin fundamentum, from fundare ‘to found.’
example:the protection of fundamental human rights
meaning:forming a necessary base or core; of central importance
derivatives:
fundamentality |ˌfəndəmənˈtalətē| noun
origin:late Middle English: from French fondamental, or late Latinfundamentalis, from Latin fundamentum, from fundare ‘to found.’
example:the protection of fundamental human rights
9/18
1.scorn |skôrn|
2.veteran|ˈvetərən, ˈvetrən|
3.riotous |ˈrīətəs|
4. excursion |ikˈskərZHən|
1.scorn |skôrn|
noun
meaning:the feeling or belief that someone or something is worthless or despicable; contempt
phrase:pour (or heap) scorn on speak with contempt or mockery of.
origin:Middle English: shortening of Old French escarn (noun), escharnir(verb), of Germanic origin.
example: I do not wish to become the object of scorn
meaning:the feeling or belief that someone or something is worthless or despicable; contempt
phrase:pour (or heap) scorn on speak with contempt or mockery of.
origin:Middle English: shortening of Old French escarn (noun), escharnir(verb), of Germanic origin.
example: I do not wish to become the object of scorn
2.veteran|ˈvetərən, ˈvetrən|
noun
meaning:a person who has had long experience in a particular field.
origin: early 16th cent.: from French vétéran or Latin veteranus, fromvetus ‘old.’
example: a veteran of two world wars.
meaning:a person who has had long experience in a particular field.
origin: early 16th cent.: from French vétéran or Latin veteranus, fromvetus ‘old.’
example: a veteran of two world wars.
3.riotous |ˈrīətəs|
adjective
meaning:marked by or involving public disorder
derivatives:
riotously adverb
riotousness noun
origin:Middle English (in the sense ‘troublesome’): from Old French, from riote
example: a riotous crowd.
meaning:marked by or involving public disorder
derivatives:
riotously adverb
riotousness noun
origin:Middle English (in the sense ‘troublesome’): from Old French, from riote
example: a riotous crowd.
4. excursion |ikˈskərZHən|
noun
meaning: a short journey or trip, esp. one engaged in as a leisure activity
derivatives:
excursionist |-ist| noun
origin: late 16th cent. (in the sense ‘act of running out,’ also meaning‘sortie’ in the phrase alarums and excursions: from Latinexcursio(n-), from the verb excurrere ‘run out,’ from ex- ‘out’ + currere‘to run.’
meaning: a short journey or trip, esp. one engaged in as a leisure activity
derivatives:
excursionist |-ist| noun
origin: late 16th cent. (in the sense ‘act of running out,’ also meaning‘sortie’ in the phrase alarums and excursions: from Latinexcursio(n-), from the verb excurrere ‘run out,’ from ex- ‘out’ + currere‘to run.’
example:an excursion to Mount Etna
5.exempt|igˈzem(p)t|
adjective
5.exempt|igˈzem(p)t|
adjective
meaning:free from an obligation or liability imposed on others
origin: late Middle English: from Latin exemptus ‘taken out, freed, past participle of eximere.
example: these patients are exempt from all charges
origin: late Middle English: from Latin exemptus ‘taken out, freed, past participle of eximere.
example: these patients are exempt from all charges
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